>The approach being taken in Italy to monitor and attempt eradication of
SHB, which turned up in the south in 2014.  They have been aggressive, and
although not yet successful in wiping it out...

My point: not successful, nor has any country succeeded in preventing the incursion and spread of varroa (although not sure about Australia), the Asian Hornet has moved through Europe and now looks to be established in the UK.
As to the 'success' against SHB in Portugal, my understanding is that it was found in a queen cage, not in the wild, so no relevant to Sentinel Apiaries.

The truth is that large sums of money have been spent but not much achieved.

Best wishes

Peter 
52°14'44.44"N, 1°50'35"W

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