*Where spreading and increasingly intense agriculture is not a significant
factor, climate change is starting to play a primary role in driving
insects, along with most other kinds of organisms, to extinction. Two
recent reports from Costa Rica document steep declines of Lepidoptera from
lowland and cloud forests (65
<https://www.pnas.org/content/118/2/e2002548117#ref-65>, 66
<https://www.pnas.org/content/118/2/e2002548117#ref-66>). Given the
apparent fragility of many ecosystems, including tropical rainforests, in
the face of climate change, we may expect widespread extinction there even
where forests remain standing.  *

https://www.pnas.org/content/118/2/e2002548117

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