>  I should also note, during nectar flows, if there is a top entrance, such as a slot in an inner cover or a bore hole in the honey super, or a warped migratory cover, the nectar gatherers often by-pass the bottom entrance.

Well, I have video taken this summer, which shows my hives with holes bored in some of the supers (not all) and the bees plainly prefer the entrance at the bottom. Like I said, I give them upper entrances in winter though I am not convinced it matters. I guess I just like to see them come out of the holes in mid-winter, if they want to.

plb

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