Thelytokous parthenogenesis is the asexual production of female progeny. It can occur in virgin queens. Of 20 queens, 17 (85%) produced at least one daughter thelytokously during an 8-week period. The average proportion of thelytokous progeny was 0.9% (range 0–3.5%), with the balance being males. What this means is that it is possible for an unmated queen to produce a daughter who could get mated. Obviously it is rare among European honey bees, but common in the Cape bee. It would be interesting to see how often laying workers produce female eggs, as it is apparently possible. 

Gloag, Rosalyn, Emily J. Remnant, and Benjamin P. Oldroyd. "The frequency of thelytokous parthenogenesis in European-derived Apis mellifera virgin queens." (2019). Apidologie: 1-9.

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