Thank you, Randy, for your thoughtful comments, as usual.  And long time, no see.

i do and did point out how challenging TF is for a commercial operation and do appreciate all you do to be a *sustainable* beekeeper.  Knowing how difficult it is to keep bees alive in a sustainable way, I admire your courage.  

If you can afford to, fiscally, perhaps you can try an isolated yard  or two with no treatment, especially now that California too has AHB strains, for better or worse.  As they say, the Chinese character for "crisis" [危機] contains both danger and opportunity.  Given your track record here and elsewhere, I find you an ideal candidate for such endeavor.  Of late, I was amazed by your shop-towel OA treatment research done for a sustained period of efficacy for its thoroughness and exceptional graphics.

Always,

Yoon

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