If folks what a little more background on the subjects of larval nutrition and development these two papers are helpful. Honey Bee Nutrition - Mykola Haydak http://194.47.52.113/janlars/partnerskapalnarp/ekonf/20130516/Haydak1970.pdf Characterization of Postembryonic Developmental Stages of the female Castes of the honey bee Apis Mellifera L. Heinz Rembold, et al. https://www.apidologie.org/articles/apido/pdf/1980/01/Apidologie_0044-8435_1980_11_1_ART0004.pdf Bill Hesbach Cheshire CT *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html