Hi,
"Some beekeepers are using granulated sugar in top feeders"
I have no reference on honey bee analyse in these circumstances, but the practice you describe is used since decades in some places in France with heavy drought or nectar shortage periods (Les Landes).
I have seen that the sugar is staying a very long time in the feeder (so not eaten) and disappears suddenly when a big nectar shortage occurs.
The quantity of sugar was small, less than 500g
Michel BOCQUET
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