Bill T > So the BPV and PMS I saw so early after robbing/immigration was probably caused by infected bees
and the additional mites were an issue but not the main one.
I agree that ABPV can be spread by bees because I've seen it spread with low mite levels. On the other hand, I've never seen classic PMS unless the colony was overrun by mites. If it were verticle viral transmission by the infected bees I would expect a different symptom like idiopathic brood syndrome.
Bill Hesbach
Cheshire CT
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