Hi Laura, and the HistArch community,
I'd be happy to talk with you more about the DAACS approach to cataloging. While developed for the 17th-19th century material culture, the database now fully accommodates material culture from prehistoric and contact-period sites through the 20th century.
You are correct that we do not catalog by function. The database is built on a descriptive, attribute-based approach. This can be, admittedly, time-consuming but it insures that the data are not colored by a cataloger's ideas of what that artifact was used for in the past. Instead, we record exactly what we are seeing, not its assumed function. DAACS has developed a number of ways to help with how time consuming descriptive cataloging can be.
Perhaps the biggest solution will be launched this July. With funding from NEH and in collaboration with our large steering committee, we have developed three different levels, or tiers, for data entry that will allow catalogers to decide what level of specificity they want for different classes of material culture. The "lightest" level of cataloging allows for a lot of batching by type and catalogers only record about 7-8 fields of information per artifact or batch. The "highest" level of cataloging has a lot less batching and may require up to 30 fields of data for each artifact type or batch. There is an intermediate level cataloging interface as well.
Another note about function assignments: they can always be assigned by a researcher during the data analysis step. We used R (free, open source) when we analyze our data and a few lines of code quickly allow us to assign functions to artifact types if we decide it is important and defensible for that specific research. This means the functional assignment does not live in the database (potential coloring other researcher's view of that artifact type) but rather lives in the code used to analyze the data. It allows for much more transparent and reproducibly analyses among researchers. We think it is a critical step to bringing Historical Archaeology into the world of Open Science.
I am happy top talk with anyone interested in this approach. Finally, look for DAACS's free, virtual continuing education classes starting the week of July 5. The first ten classes focus on developing a digital dataset for archaeological research and an easy entry into using R to interrogate archaeological data. The class schedule will be announced this weekend. We will also offer lectures on the new cataloger interfaces and new DAACS website, launching this fall.
Best Regards,
Jillian
Jillian E. Galle, PhD
Project Director, Digital Archaeological Archive of Comparative Slavery
www.daacs.org
434.984.9873
-----Original Message-----
From: HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY <[log in to unmask]> On Behalf Of HISTARCH automatic digest system
Sent: Thursday, June 24, 2021 12:00 AM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: HISTARCH Digest - 20 Jun 2021 to 23 Jun 2021 (#2021-56)
This Message originated outside your organization.
There are 8 messages totaling 666 lines in this issue.
Topics of the day:
1. THE ORIGINS OF RELIGION
2. non-South methods of artifact cataloging? (6)
3. SHA Session on Gullah Geechee
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 16:15:23 +0300
From: Atelier Etno <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: THE ORIGINS OF RELIGION
Just appeared: E. Anati, 2020, The Origins of Religion (Capodiponte, Atelier), 212 pages, 54 illustrations.
How and when did religions originate? The study of prehistoric art is revolutionizing our knowledge of prehistoric religions. The rock art sites have been places of worship and tribal identity for millennia, serving as archives of myths, beliefs and rites, all of which evolved, diversified and acquired regional and ethnic features. Visual art, however, is not the earliest evidence of the presence of religion.
Archeological discoveries of burial customs and burial goods accompanying the dead in their journey to the other world, and newly discovered prehistoric shrines, reveal concepts and beliefs going back even before the origins of art. When and how were the first religious concepts and rituals conceived? And how did religions acquire their present shape?
https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://drive.google.com/file/d/1ZY1ovk5LbEkHVz_EKiDDpb0uyQGcEuHY/view?usp=sharing__;!!IKRxdwAv5BmarQ!NQHt_ftWW9ISnUKzwZ4KQ2WdVL_g8w13km53jaOOoE5LGDILLOGDjHr51wD0oc8$
As presented in this book, the evolution of archeological and anthropological evidence and analysis contribute a new look to the origins and history of religion.
For ordering the book or further information:
<[log in to unmask]>
ATELIER, Research Center for Conceptual Anthropology,
Citta della Cultura, Via Marconi 7, 25044 Capodiponte, Italy.
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 14:21:41 -0400
From: Laura Seifert <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
hello everyone,
I use a version of South's functional artifact classification system pretty
much as a reflex. However, as I work on more late-1800s and early 1900s
sites, I find it increasingly unhelpful. I'm wondering what other artifact
cataloging systems everyone is using, especially for more modern sites. I
know DAACS is non-Southian and totally descriptive as opposed to
functional. A DAACS-type classification system (standardized,
non-functional) for later sites sounds like a great project, but when I
think about the amount and variety of material culture from the late
1800-1900s.... I want to crawl back in my test unit and hide. What do y'all
use?
Laura
Laura Seifert
Founder and Director
Savannah Archaeological Alliance
~ public archaeology through community partnerships ~
Get my book "Old Fort Jackson"
<https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467106122>
Pronouns: she/her/hers
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 15:09:49 -0400
From: JW Joseph <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: SHA Session on Gullah Geechee
Patty McMahon, Brad Botwick, and Joe Joseph are organizing a session on the archaeology of the Gullah Geechee for the SHA Philadelphia conference. If you have a site or topic you are interested in adding to the conversation, please reach out to us at your earliest convenience. Thanks. [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]> [log in to unmask] <mailto:[log in to unmask]> [log in to unmask]
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 12:09:38 -0700
From: Al Dart <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
Some archaeologists in Arizona have used a classification system developed by Hull-Walski and Ayres (1989) that established these 17 basic functional categories for historical artifacts:
Unidentified
Food
Food Preparation & Consumption
Household Furnishings
Household Maintenance
Architecture
Leisure and Recreation
Medical and Health
Personal Items
Coins and Tokens
Religious Articles
Transportation
Tools and Hardware
Mining and Quarrying
Machinery
Communication
Miscellaneous
For some subsequent analyses, Ayres added these categories:
Military
Utilities
Reference:
Hull-Walski, Deborah A., and James E. Ayres
1989 Laboratory Methods and Data Computerization. The Historical Archaeology of Dam Construction Camps in Central Arizona, vol. 3. Dames & Moore, Phoenix.
A pdf copy of this report is available through The Digital Archaeological Record at https://www.tdar.org/. Membership is tDAR is free.
al
Allen Dart, RPA 12244, Executive Director (Volunteer)
Old Pueblo Archaeology Center
PO Box 40577
Tucson AZ 85717-0577 USA
520-798-1201
[log in to unmask]
www.oldpueblo.org
Old Pueblo Archaeology Center is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization whose mission is to educate children and adults to understand and appreciate archaeology and other cultures, to foster the preservation of archaeological and historical sites, and to develop a lifelong concern for the importance of nonrenewable resources and traditional cultures. Our Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) is 86-0750306.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-----Original Message-----
From: HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY On Behalf Of Laura Seifert
Sent: Wednesday, June 23, 2021 11:22 AM
To: [log in to unmask]
Subject: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
hello everyone,
I use a version of South's functional artifact classification system pretty much as a reflex. However, as I work on more late-1800s and early 1900s sites, I find it increasingly unhelpful. I'm wondering what other artifact cataloging systems everyone is using, especially for more modern sites. I know DAACS is non-Southian and totally descriptive as opposed to functional. A DAACS-type classification system (standardized,
non-functional) for later sites sounds like a great project, but when I think about the amount and variety of material culture from the late 1800-1900s.... I want to crawl back in my test unit and hide. What do y'all use?
Laura
Laura Seifert
Founder and Director
Savannah Archaeological Alliance
~ public archaeology through community partnerships ~ Get my book "Old Fort Jackson"
<https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467106122>
Pronouns: she/her/hers
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 19:25:31 +0000
From: Thomas Beaman <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
Laura,
Stanley South did develop a loose system for 19th and 20th century artifacts. He called them the ATTIC ("Archaeological Techniques to Inventory Collections") and BASEMENT ("Basement Artifacts Speak, Explaining Meaning Embedded in Numerous Technologies"). The material covered in his ATTIC and BASEMENT are easily adaptable into a system of functional categories that cover almost all 19th and 20th century material culture that I have come across. These are in SCIAA publications by South - "Twentieth Century Artifact Function" and "Talking Artifacts: The 20th Century Legacy", both published in 2010.
The comprehensive catalog of the National Park Service Southeastern Archaeological Center, as well as Roderick Sprague's 1981 "A Functional Classification for Artifacts from the 19th and 20th Century Historical Sites" (North American Archaeologist 2(3):251-261) may be helpful as well.
All of four publications got me through cataloging a 20th century artifact full cistern at the Thomas Wolfe house, and I'm sure they will be helpful to you as well.
Cheers,Tom Beaman
-----Original Message-----
From: Laura Seifert <[log in to unmask]>
To: [log in to unmask]
Sent: Wed, Jun 23, 2021 2:21 pm
Subject: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
hello everyone,
I use a version of South's functional artifact classification system pretty
much as a reflex. However, as I work on more late-1800s and early 1900s
sites, I find it increasingly unhelpful. I'm wondering what other artifact
cataloging systems everyone is using, especially for more modern sites. I
know DAACS is non-Southian and totally descriptive as opposed to
functional. A DAACS-type classification system (standardized,
non-functional) for later sites sounds like a great project, but when I
think about the amount and variety of material culture from the late
1800-1900s.... I want to crawl back in my test unit and hide. What do y'all
use?
Laura
Laura Seifert
Founder and Director
Savannah Archaeological Alliance
~ public archaeology through community partnerships ~
Get my book "Old Fort Jackson"
<https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467106122>
Pronouns: she/her/hers
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 19:55:17 +0000
From: "Emerson, Thomas E" <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
Laura et al:
Before I retired at ISAS we had to deal with a massive collection of materials from the late 19th and early 20th century East St Louis urban excavations – it challenged our whole way of thinking on the research potential of this period. The results was a 800 page report that is available in pdf format for free at https://www.isas.illinois.edu/publications/technical_reports (The New Mississippian River Bridge Archaeological Project: Late Victorian and Early Modern Occupations 1880–1930, No. 9).
What also came out of that project was a comprehensive historic research design for dealing with materials from the historic era – mid 17th through mid- twentieth century. That is a challenging document that asks historic researcher s ot rethink many of their traditional approaches. You may find it worth your time to peruse that as well. It can be purchased from ISAS through Amazon (https://www.isas.illinois.edu/publications/studies_in_archaeology (Vol. 13: Possible Futures for the Recent Past: A Chronological and Resource-Based Framework for Historic Site Research Design in Illinois by R. Mazrim).
Cheers
Tom Emerson
Thomas E. Emerson, PhD, RPA
Research Affiliate, ISAS ([log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>)
Editor, Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology ([log in to unmask]<mailto:[log in to unmask]>)
State Archaeologist/ISAS Director (retired)
Mail address:
209 Nuc. Phy. Lab, 23 East Stadium Drive,
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Champaign, IL 61820
Do not confuse effort, progress, or methodology with a final product.
“You are what you do, not what you say you'll do.” C.G. Jung
From: HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY <[log in to unmask]> on behalf of Thomas Beaman <[log in to unmask]>
Date: Wednesday, June 23, 2021 at 2:25 PM
To: [log in to unmask] <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
Laura,
Stanley South did develop a loose system for 19th and 20th century artifacts. He called them the ATTIC ("Archaeological Techniques to Inventory Collections") and BASEMENT ("Basement Artifacts Speak, Explaining Meaning Embedded in Numerous Technologies"). The material covered in his ATTIC and BASEMENT are easily adaptable into a system of functional categories that cover almost all 19th and 20th century material culture that I have come across. These are in SCIAA publications by South - "Twentieth Century Artifact Function" and "Talking Artifacts: The 20th Century Legacy", both published in 2010.
The comprehensive catalog of the National Park Service Southeastern Archaeological Center, as well as Roderick Sprague's 1981 "A Functional Classification for Artifacts from the 19th and 20th Century Historical Sites" (North American Archaeologist 2(3):251-261) may be helpful as well.
All of four publications got me through cataloging a 20th century artifact full cistern at the Thomas Wolfe house, and I'm sure they will be helpful to you as well.
Cheers,Tom Beaman
-----Original Message-----
From: Laura Seifert <[log in to unmask]>
To: [log in to unmask]
Sent: Wed, Jun 23, 2021 2:21 pm
Subject: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
hello everyone,
I use a version of South's functional artifact classification system pretty
much as a reflex. However, as I work on more late-1800s and early 1900s
sites, I find it increasingly unhelpful. I'm wondering what other artifact
cataloging systems everyone is using, especially for more modern sites. I
know DAACS is non-Southian and totally descriptive as opposed to
functional. A DAACS-type classification system (standardized,
non-functional) for later sites sounds like a great project, but when I
think about the amount and variety of material culture from the late
1800-1900s.... I want to crawl back in my test unit and hide. What do y'all
use?
Laura
Laura Seifert
Founder and Director
Savannah Archaeological Alliance
~ public archaeology through community partnerships ~
Get my book "Old Fort Jackson"
<https://urldefense.com/v3/__https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467106122__;!!DZ3fjg!qIOvS0E41VQQD_qMS4XiuxnZsECX7mVj-MgtvdgBj2bnli1X5yc619GTPp6P3JY$ >
Pronouns: she/her/hers
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 16:30:27 -0400
From: Natalie Adams Pope <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
There is also Orser's categories that he used on turn of the century tenant
farmsteads.
See "The Material Basis of the Postbellum Tenant Plantation" (1988)
On Wed, Jun 23, 2021 at 2:22 PM Laura Seifert <[log in to unmask]>
wrote:
> hello everyone,
> I use a version of South's functional artifact classification system pretty
> much as a reflex. However, as I work on more late-1800s and early 1900s
> sites, I find it increasingly unhelpful. I'm wondering what other artifact
> cataloging systems everyone is using, especially for more modern sites. I
> know DAACS is non-Southian and totally descriptive as opposed to
> functional. A DAACS-type classification system (standardized,
> non-functional) for later sites sounds like a great project, but when I
> think about the amount and variety of material culture from the late
> 1800-1900s.... I want to crawl back in my test unit and hide. What do y'all
> use?
> Laura
>
>
>
>
> Laura Seifert
> Founder and Director
> Savannah Archaeological Alliance
> ~ public archaeology through community partnerships ~
> Get my book "Old Fort Jackson"
> <https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467106122>
> Pronouns: she/her/hers
>
> ########################################################################
>
> Access the HISTARCH Home Page and Archives:
> https://community.lsoft.com/scripts/wa-LSOFTDONATIONS.exe?A0=HISTARCH
>
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>
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>
--
*Natalie Adams Pope, MA, RPA **| Executive Vice President/Director of
Archaeology/SC Branch Manager*
*New South Associates, Inc.*
A Women-Owned Small Business
1819 Hampton St, Columbia, South Carolina 29201
*Office:* (803) 771-7083 ext. 180* | Cell:* (803) 381-7898
Website <https://newsouthassoc.com/> | Facebook
<https://www.facebook.com/newsouthassociates/?ref=hl> | LinkedIn
<https://www.linkedin.com/company/new-south-associates-inc./>
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Date: Wed, 23 Jun 2021 21:52:29 -0400
From: Jay Stottman <[log in to unmask]>
Subject: Re: non-South methods of artifact cataloging?
Not sure what you mean by Southian, we all use some sort of
functionally-based categories to interpret our artifacts and we all pretty
much develop our own categories based on our research questions.
Unfortunately it makes standardization impossible. I don't think anybody
strictly uses South's groups within a standardized predictive pattern
model, as was his intent. If you are looking for non-functionally-based
categories that are pretty much free of interpretation for purely
descriptive cataloging, I would go with a material based system.
Jay
M. Jay Stottman, PhD
Assistant Director
Kentucky Archaeological Survey
Western Kentucky University
On Wed, Jun 23, 2021 at 2:22 PM Laura Seifert <[log in to unmask]>
wrote:
> hello everyone,
> I use a version of South's functional artifact classification system pretty
> much as a reflex. However, as I work on more late-1800s and early 1900s
> sites, I find it increasingly unhelpful. I'm wondering what other artifact
> cataloging systems everyone is using, especially for more modern sites. I
> know DAACS is non-Southian and totally descriptive as opposed to
> functional. A DAACS-type classification system (standardized,
> non-functional) for later sites sounds like a great project, but when I
> think about the amount and variety of material culture from the late
> 1800-1900s.... I want to crawl back in my test unit and hide. What do y'all
> use?
> Laura
>
>
>
>
> Laura Seifert
> Founder and Director
> Savannah Archaeological Alliance
> ~ public archaeology through community partnerships ~
> Get my book "Old Fort Jackson"
> <https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9781467106122>
> Pronouns: she/her/hers
>
> ########################################################################
>
> Access the HISTARCH Home Page and Archives:
> https://community.lsoft.com/scripts/wa-LSOFTDONATIONS.exe?A0=HISTARCH
>
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>
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--
M. Jay Stottman, PhD
Assistant Director
Kentucky Archaeological Survey
Western Kentucky University
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End of HISTARCH Digest - 20 Jun 2021 to 23 Jun 2021 (#2021-56)
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