I still see CCD regularly. In every instance it is associated with a high
prevalence of nosema.
I suspect that at least one virus is also likely involved.
I also have reason to support the Army's findings on the association of the
early wave of CCD with IIV. It was the only time in my career that I
observed wax moth larvae dying in hives, with the distinctive coloration
symptomatic of IIV infection.
--
Randy Oliver
Grass Valley, CA
www.ScientificBeekeeping.com
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