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Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology

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Subject:
From:
Peter L Borst <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Informed Discussion of Beekeeping Issues and Bee Biology <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Thu, 6 Jun 2013 23:05:43 -0400
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Several of us have mentioned that all the attention on neonics may be distracting us from a far more serious problem:

Fungicides are the most abundant and common
of the plant protection products found in bees and bee products
because fungicides can be applied during bloom when bees are
present. While fungicides generally appear safe for adult
bees, these compounds may, in certain situations, produce
harmful effects. For instance chlorothalonil (Bravo), the most
commonly detected fungicide in bees and bee products, was
found in "entombed pollen" in colonies suffering from colony
collapse disorder

Pre-treatment of bees with the fungicide chlorothalonil
increased the toxicity of both thymol and tau-fluvalinate.
The actual exposure bees receive to formulated
acaricides, sequestered acaricides in beeswax, and fungicide
applications in agriculture need to be quantified to accurately
assess the risk posed by interactions.

Johnson, R. M., Dahlgren, L., Siegfried, B. D., & Ellis, M. D. (2013). 
Acaricide, Fungicide and Drug Interactions in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera). 
PloS one, 8(1), e54092.

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