FYI: Francis Crick (of Watson and Crick) devoted a significant portion
of his later career at the Salk Institute to the scientific study of
consciousness.  It was my introduction to the area, but I didn't find
"The Astonishing Hypothesis" to be very fulfilling.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Astonishing_Hypothesis

I think a neuroscience friend recommended this book by Koch as a
better overview, "The Quest for Consciousness: A Neurobiological
Approach"
http://www.amazon.com/The-Quest-Consciousness-Neurobiological-Approach/dp/B003QDTWGG/ref=sr_1_17?ie=UTF8&qid=1383062192&sr=8-17&keywords=francis+crick

His journal club has some interesting links:
http://www.klab.caltech.edu/~koch/jclub/jclub.shtml

I'd love to hear about scientific approaches to superorganisms and
consciousness...

As a bonus, here's a good book about the mathematics behind neuroscience:
http://www.amazon.com/Mathematics-Neuroscientists-Fabrizio-Gabbiani/dp/0123748828/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1309541025&sr=8-1
if anybody really gets carried away.

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