For the conduct of contact toxicity trials, Arkins and Johansen used C02 to
put the bees to sleep. When this testing went to private labs, the
protocol was changed by many to use nitrous oxide.
That ignored older research that indicated that nitrous oxide induced a
form of long-term amnesia in bees, whereas CO2 did not. Personally, I don't
used nitrous oxide for that reason.
Jerry
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