> Over the past 4 years, I've investigated several bee kills and have been
> surprised to find that what looks like an acute bee kill (a pile of dead
> bees) is characterized by high levels of Nosema ceranae plus high titers
> of a
> diverse array of viruses.

Were all the hives effected?

Was spraying going on recently?

Were the hives very strong before the event?

> Since some viruses can induce trembling,

*in my opinion* the whole virus issue is over rated. has been since the 
start of CCD. Dr. Shiminuki described
PMS issues associated with varroa. Virus as causing the worlds bee problems
has from what I see been put on a back burner.

a pile
> of dead and dying bees in front of a hive is no longer a  reliable
> indicative of an acute pesticide kill.

Wow. Surely you are not suggesting its a sign of *an acute VIRUS kill*?

Moved through the whole yard of healthy varroa treated hives?

I thought  virus as the cause of large scale bee problems was settled?

back to my bee work.

bob

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