>Randy can you a give a broader description of that naturally cold area. How

> cold is cold?


Any area where temps are consistently below flight temperature.  This will
induce the bees go transform into "winter bees."
A recent unpublished study by Dr Frank Eischen found that colonies wintered
in the cold Calif mountains performed well in almonds.


> >How about humidity?


Good question.  It appears that in low-humidity areas, water can be a
critical factor.  Some shed winterers feed water during the winter.

Randy Oliver

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