On Sun, Nov 15, 2009 at 5:24 AM, Barry Digman <[log in to unmask]> wrote:
Can someone explain "entombed pollen"?


‘‘Entombed Pollen”: A new condition in honey bee colonies associated
with increased risk of colony mortality
Dennis vanEngelsdorp , Jay D. Evans , Leo Donovall , Chris Mullin , Maryann
Frazier ,
James Frazier , David R. Tarpy , Jerry Hayes Jr. , Jeffery S. Pettis

a b s t r a c t
Here we describe a new phenomenon, entombed pollen, which is highly
associated with increased colony
mortality. Entombed pollen is sunken, capped cells amidst ‘‘normal”,
uncapped cells of stored pollen, and
some of the pollen contained within these cells is brick red in color. There
appears to be a lack of microbial
agents in the pollen, and larvae and adult bees do not have an increased
rate of mortality when they
are fed diets supplemented with entombed pollen in vitro, suggesting that
the pollen itself is not directly
responsible for increased colony mortality. However, the increased incidence
of entombed pollen in
reused wax comb suggests that there is a transmittable factor common to the
phenomenon and colony
mortality. In addition, there were elevated pesticide levels, notably of the
fungicide chlorothalonil, in
entombed pollen. Additional studies are needed to determine if there is a
causal relationship between
entombed pollen, chemical residues, and colony mortality.





-- 
Juanse Barros J.
APIZUR S.A.
Carrera 695
Gorbea - CHILE
+56-45-271693
08-3613310
http://apiaraucania.blogspot.com/
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