Peter Edwards said:-
 "I will be surpised if we do not have losses of around 25% or more this winter".
 
Peter,
 given your prediction and your explanation of the cause, do you embark on a protein/fat feeding regime to build up your winter bees, and if not, why not?

Peter Detchon
(in Western Australia, where extremes of weather are par for the course, and feeding supplementation is a normal part of my husbandry)

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