The Archaeology of Prehistoric and Historic Native Americans
in the Western Lake Erie Region of the Great Lakes
Conference
Saturday March 28, 2009
9:00 am to 5:00 pm
University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
Field House, Room 2100
Sponsors
University of Toledo Anthropological Society
University of Toledo Department of Sociology and Anthropology
Co-Sponsors
Toledo Society, Archaeological Institute of America
River Raisin Chapter, Michigan Archaeological Society
Sandusky Bay Chapter, Archaeology Society of Ohio
Toledo Area Aboriginal Research Society
Blanchard River Archaeology Club
Firelands Archaeological Research Center
Speakers
Dr. Scott Martin, McMaster University, Canada
Dr. Robert McCullough, Indiana University - Purdue University, Fort Wayne,
Indiana
Dr. Jarrod Burks, Ohio Valley Archaeology, Inc.
Dr. David Stothers, University of Toledo, Toledo, Ohio
Patrick M. Tucker, Laboratory of Archaeology, University of Toledo, Ohio
Donald Simons, Michigan Archaeological Society
Dr. Brian Redmond, Curator of Archaeology, Cleveland Museum of Natural
History, Ohio
Conference Papers
Dr. Robert McCullough
Title: Late Prehistoric Enclosures and Western Basin Transformation in
Northeastern Indiana
Abstract:
The Western Basin occupation of northeastern Indiana consisted of a
dispersed settlement pattern with communal circular enclosures. Current
evidence suggests the enclosures did not support sedentary village
occupations, but appeared to have functioned as meeting places which served
as an integrative mechanism for the dispersed population. Excavations at two
circular enclosures in northeastern Indiana will be discussed as well as an
over view of the related Castor Farm site in central Indiana
Biography:
Dr. Robert G. McCullough attended Indiana University, Ball State University
and received his Ph.D. from Southern Illinois University-Carbondale. He is
the Director of Indiana University-Purdue University Fort
Wayne-Archaeological Survey and teaches in the Department of Anthropology.
He has thirty years of experience in Midwestern archaeology, with an
expertise in ceramic analysis and geophysical survey techniques.
Dr. Scott Martin
Title: The Initial Appearance of Maize in Southern Ontario.
Abstract:
During the initial spread of maize agriculture through the Lower Great Lakes
region in the first millennium A.D. local foragers learned to plant, tend,
harvest and preserve a previously foreign crop and in essence broke with
'traditional' ways of life. Why? Can something other than migration explain
it? The study of the spread of agriculture affords a striking representation
of the advent of novel lifeways. The advent of maize provides ground for
studying the diffusion and transmission of goods and ideas between
hunter-gatherers and early agriculturalists and the choices made by foragers
to become (more like) farmers.
Biography:
Dr. Scott Martin attended McMaster University in Ontario, the University of
Durham and received his Ph.D. from the University of Cambridge in the United
Kingdom. He is a sessional instructor for the Department of Anthropology at
McMaster University and the University of Toronto Mississauga. He is
currently participating in two field projects; The Mesolithic
Fisher-Gatherer-Hunters of Northwestern Ireland and The Rat Island
Archaeological Project.
Dr. Jarrod Burks
Title: Geophysical Survey in Ohio Archaeology: Why Everybody Should Be Doing
It.
Abstract:
Finding Archaeological features below ground can be a real challenge. A
geophysical survey can aid the archaeologist. Entire sites can be surveyed
in just a day or two. In ideal settings, these surveys, especially with
magnetometers, can locate nearly all pit features larger than 40 cm.
Features like earthwork ditches and historic-era areas can also be detected.
When combined with ground-truthing geophysical survey results are a powerful
tool for pinpointing features. The results can be used as data for mapping
site boundaries. In this presentation I show how geophysical survey has been
used to locate new earthwork sites in south-central Ohio and streamline
excavation programs at occupation sites in central and northern Ohio.
Biography:
Dr. Jarrod Burks studied at University of Illinois, Urbana, and received his
Ph.D. at Ohio State University. He is director of Archaeological Geophysics;
Ceramic Analysis; and Electronic Mapping at Ohio Valley Archaeology, Inc.
His specialties are geophysical Survey for Archaeology, Middle Ohio Valley
Prehistory, and Ceramic Analysis.
Dr. Brian Redmond
Title: Prehistoric Fishers and Farmers on Sandusky Bay: The Archaeology of
the Danbury Site.
Abstract:
From 2004 to 2007, archaeologists from the Cleveland Museum of Natural
History carried out salvage excavations at the Danbury site located on
Sandusky Bay in Ottawa County, Ohio. These investigations turned up a rich
archaeological record of life on Lake Erie which lasted for nearly 5,000
years. Evidence of at least three major occupations indicates that the site
grew from a small fishing camp, to an important burial ground, to a large
village populated by maize farmers. The discoveries of rare shell burial
artifacts and evidence of the use of prehistoric cotton reveal trade
connections to the Gulf of Mexico and possibly the Southwest.
Biography:
Dr. Brian G. Redmond, Ph.D. is Curator of Archaeology at the Cleveland
Museum of Natural History. He attended the University of Toledo and received
his Ph.D. from Indiana University. He teaches as an adjunct Associate
Professor of Anthropology at Case Western Reserve University and as Adjunct
Faculty in the Department of Anthropology at the Cleveland State University.
Dr. Redmond has carried out surveys and excavations at numerous prehistoric
Native American sites in Indiana and other Great Lakes regions. He
specializes in pottery analysis, Paleo-Indian bone implements, the
development of village life and community organization, and the origin of
maize agriculture. Recent projects in Ohio include excavation at the Late
Pleistocene site at Sheriden Cave, the late Prehistoric period (AD
1000-1600) village settlements of White Fort in Lorain County, OEC 1 site on
the Cuyahoga River, and the Danbury site.
Donald Simons
Title: Lithic Types at Late Archaic and Early Woodland Sites in the Saginaw
Valley of Michigan.
Abstract:
Research data combining stone tool typology and lithic types from both
surface collected and excavated sites throughout the Saginaw valley yields
compeling evidence for major trade and cultural interaction between
occupants of the Saginaw area and the circum-Lake Erie Basin populations
during both the Late Archaic aand Early Woodland period.
Biograpphy:
Donald Simons, an avocational archaeology enthusiast, has held many
positions in the Michigan Archaeological Society for 44 years. He likewise
has been a member of the Ohio Archaeological Society for 40 years. He has
been involved in many archaeological excavations and directed half a dozen
digs in Genesee County, Michigan. He has authored or co-authored many
research papers. His most significant work has been in documenting the Gainy
Paleoindian and Butler fluted point sites in Michigan.
Patrick M. Tucker and Dr. David M. Stothers
Title: To Be Eat Up by Hogs and Dogs!!! - And Not Allowed to be Interred -
And Where Their Bones have Lain Exposed: Historical and Archaeological
Investigations at the Strzesynski site (33WO50) and the British and Indian
Invasion of Port Miami in 1812.
Abstract:
The relationship between the Strzesynski site (33Wo50) and the British and
Indian invasion of Port Miami, Michigan Terrritory, in 1812 is explored. The
archaeological evidence of the burning and destruction of the Pre-War of
1812 residential structure at the site is related to the British and Indian
invasion and destruction of port Miami between June and December 1812.
Biography:
Patrick M. Tucker
Pat Tucker received his M.A.Ed. (1981) and B.A. (1973) from the University
of Toledo, in Ohio. He has published several works including the Fry Site:
Archaeological and Ethno-historical Perspectives on the Maumee River Ottawa
of Northwest Ohio, and The Dunlap Farmstead: Historical Archaeology at
(33W041), the 19th Century Homestead of Revolutionary War Soldier Robert
Dunlap and Family, Middleton Township, Wood County, Ohio, both co-authored
with Dr. David M. Stothers.
Dr. David M. Stothers
Dr. David M. Stothers received his Ph.D. from Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio and is Professor of Anthropology at the
University of Toledo, in Ohio. He is the Director of Western Lake Erie
Archeological Research Program at the University of Toledo and
Archaeological Director of the Firelands Archaeological Research Center in
Amherst, Ohio. He has excavated in the Canadian Yukon, Lake of the Woods
area, Ontario, Canada, and throughout the Great Lakes in both Canada and the
United States. His major focus for the past 30 years has been the Northwest
Ohio and Southeast Michigan, particularly the Maumee River Valley and North
Central Ohio currently centering on the sites in the Huron River Valley. He
is preparing publications on Warfare and the Defensive Earthworks at
Seaman's Fort and the radiocarbon-dated features at the Eiden phase Taylor
site.
Purpose of the Conference
This archaeological Conference is an opportunity for the public,
professional, and amateur archaeologists to become familiar with prehistoric
and historic sites in the Western Lake Erie Region of the Great Lakes. The
six presentations of professional and amateur archaeologists from Michigan,
Indiana, Ohio and Ontario, Canada, provide a broad range of topics that will
educate anyone who is involved in archaeology and history of the area due to
the breadth of geographical representation. The purpose is to bring more
light to bear on the Native American cultures of the Western Lake Erie
Region during the time period from 1000 B.C. to 1815 A.D.
Hotel Accomadations
For Friday night March 27th , Price $59.00 plus 16 % tax for double with
Queen beds. Top of the line Hotel. Must register by March 14th. Mention
University of Toledo Archaeology Conference. Phone 419 535-7070 or
clariontoledo.com
Directions
From the West
East on US 80/90 to Exit 59 to Renyolds Road
Left (North) on Renyolds Rd. to Bancroft Street
Right (East) on Bancroft Street to Campus Drive
Right (South) on Campus Drive to the Parking Ramp
Walk (East) I/2 block to The Field House
From the South
North on US 75 to West US 475
West US 475 to Secor Road Exit
Left (South) on Secor to Bancroft
Left (East) on Bancroft to Campus Drive
Right (South) on Campus Drive to the Parking Ramp
Walk (East) I/2 block to The Field House
From the East
West US 80/90 to 75 North
75 North to West 475
West US 475 to Secor Road Exit
Left (South) on Secor to Bancroft
Left (East) on Bancroft to Campus Drive
Right (South) on Campus Drive to the Parking Ramp
Walk (East) I/2 block to The Field House
From the North
South US 23 to East US 475 or South US 75 to West 475
Take US 475 to the Secor Exit
South on Secor to Bancroft
Left (East) on Bancroft to Campus Drive
Right (South) on Campus Drive to the Parking Ramp
Walk (East) I/2 block to The Field House.
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