HI, i should have provided this link for reference to Jay Smith's "Better Queens" and his observations and opinions. http://www.bushfarms.com/beesbetterqueens.htm#Old%20Bees%20Good%20Nurses and, Better Queens by Jay Smith http://www.bushfarms.com/beesbetterqueens.htm Sorry for the confusion. God Bless, Keith Malone **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * ****************************************************