"Any aspect of human physiology that has evolved must have been
   around in some form for a very long time.  In 1995 a bone flute,
   dated between 43 000 and 82 000 years old, was discovered in Slovenia
   [9,10] .  As the flute represents a relatively complex form of music
   production, it could be argued that simpler forms, such as singing,
   are likely to have predated it by as much as 200 000 years [9].
   This line of logic suggests that music is very ancient, and is
   almost certainly old enough to have had an impact on the evolving
   human brain."

This is an excerpt from a very interesting review of research and thinking
concerning the physiological impact of music and its possible role in
evolution of the brain.  It is by Penelope A.  Lewis and is found in

Trends in Cognitive Sciences 2002, 6:364-366 (where of course, you will
find the numbered references.)

Bernard Chasan