"JOEL F. MAGSAYSAY" <[log in to unmask]> wrote:

>Nosema exhibits symptoms in workers first. They crawl on the ground in front
>of entrances, sometimes climbing and falling off blades of grass. "K" wing
>is a dead giveaway.

I always believed that "k" wings were a symptom of Acarine (acarapis woodi),
caused by the mites damaging the tracheae.

Fouling the hive is I believe the main symptom of nosema. Nosema is normally
caused by stress (often the fault of the beekeeper), and is often associated
with nucs, and can be counteracted by Fumidil B.

Is this correct?

Sincerely
Tom Barrett
Dublin
Ireland