There was some information and warnings on the use of homemade pacifiers in hospitals which was published in the NAACOG newsletter ( now AWHONN). NAACOG= Nurses Association of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists AWHONN= Association of Womens Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses. I used their article (about risks and lawsuits related to using homemade pacifiers in the NICU) to eliminate (partially) the use of bottle nipples stuffed with cotton and propped into kids mouths in the hospital. The nurses liked them better because the babies didn't spit them out as easily. This was about 1987 or so. Good luck, babies can choke on these as the nipple will release from the plastic collar and can be aspirated by a strong baby. Elaine Lukasavitz CNM (Mother-Baby nurse and lactation consultant before giving in to frustration and following a dream to be able to "do it right" with clients by starting prenatally and being the person who was "in charge" and writing the orders.)