I promise to be "politically neutral" in my wardrobe! A sleep specialist faxed me an abstract today that you might want to add to your collection of articles. You or your library could possibly get the abstract from Medline, etc. "The epidemiology of sleep related breathing disorder in children." Hultcrantz E., Lofstrand-Tidestrom B, Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Uppsala Univ., Sweden. Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 1995 Jun; 32 Suppl () :s63-6. Article # UI95394593. Points: More children use pacifiers among the snorers than in the non-snoring group (60% vs. 35%). Parents were asked about the child's snoring, sleep apnea, sucking habits, infections and 'genetic clues'. Preliminary results show that 6.2% snore every night by age 4 and another 18% when infected. Dental casts show a significant difference in width of the maxilla and length of the mandible. In two years, the same cohort will be examined again to determine prevalence of snoring and sleep apnea as whether treatment for breathing obstruction influences facial development. Does not appear as if they asked if the child was breastfed!!. These are the kinds of ideas I hope to clarify at conference. The timing of the conference could not have been more perfect for the introduction of my research. "We only see what we know, therefore we must know to serve." Brian Palmer D.D.S.