It is within scope of my "knowings" that the nipple is a two-way conduit (think yeast) and the study that the infant's saliva affects the milk composition, including antibodies, was done in the early '70s. The research needs to be repeated for the minds of the 2000's. We know that studies come, are challenged, are forgotten, are repeated on and on and on. If anyone would like to know what I remember from the article on this study and what I have observed through the years on this topic, you can e-mail me. Paticia Gima, IBCLC Milwaukee, Wisconsin Mailto:[log in to unmask] *********************************************** To temporarily stop your subscription: set lactnet nomail To start it again: set lactnet mail (or digest) To unsubscribe: unsubscribe lactnet All commands go to [log in to unmask] The LACTNET mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software together with L-Soft's LSMTP(R) mailer for lightning fast mail delivery. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html