Carol:

   There is really not data that substanciates the decrease in milk supply
with the use of nipple shields. There is some speculation but actual data
there isn't.

   There is only one study that looked specifically at milk production and
that is Kathy A's study of women who were pumping.  The study did not have
enough women to be statistically significant. The study looked at women who
were pumping without a problem/ intruduced an impediment and then concluded
that the impediment was bad.

  The other studies: William's, Amalayakul.,Jackson and Woolridge. Again, the
sheild was introduced when breastfeeindg was going well -additionally there
were not using the dame sheild either in all of the studies  or that we use
today.

  Please read the complete discussion of the literature in Birth Issues Vo. 7
No. 2 1998.

   Patricia



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