The Breastfeeding Answer Book at p. 66 gives a good description of tongue
thrust.  Baby's tongue pushes at the end of mom's nipple (even to the
point of pushing breast tissue out of its mouth), rather than cupping the
underside of the nipple with its tongue.  Mom may have sore nipples; baby
may thrust at the start of a feed; baby may thrust after initial let-down.
Baby may thrust because of nipple confusion; baby may thrust because s/he
was a tongue or thumb sucker in utero.  BAB cites:

Lawrence, R.  Breastfeeding: A Guide for the Medical Proessional, 4th ed.
St. Louis: Mosby, 1994, pp 236-37.

Maher, S.  An Overview of Solutions to Breastfeeding and Sucking Problems.
Schaumburg, IL.  LLLI, 1988.  Pub. No. 67, p. 12.

Marmet, C and Shell, E.  Lactation Forms:  A Guide to Lactation Consultant
Charting.  Encino, CA: Lactation Institute Pubs., 1993, pp. 4-17.

Marmet, C. and Shell, E.  Training neonates to suck correctly.  MCN 1984;
9:401-07.

===
Liz Brooks, JD, IBCLC
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