Hi Debra,
Another risk factor for infant oral thrush and maternal nipple thrush is
use of an artificial nipple in the first two weeks, e,g. bottles. (From
memory a reference is: Francis-Morrill j, et al. Diagnostic value of signs
and symptoms of mammary candidiosis among lactating women. Journal of Human
Lactation 2004; 20(3): 296-299).

Also, you mentioned pain on exposure to air. So don't rule out nipple
vasospasm. Nipple pain is so often multifactorial, and if thrush treatment
isn't working, there is likely to be something else there, including
bacterial infection, and/or infant oral anomalies, as you will be well
aware. Occasionally even psoriasis.

Virginia

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