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Subject:
From:
Christine Staricka <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Lactation Information and Discussion <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Thu, 6 Feb 2003 15:30:22 -0500
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Here are two references you may find helpful.

Medical Issues Related to Caring for Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected
Children In and Out of the Home

R. J. Simmonds, MD and Stephen Chanock, MD From Pediatr Infect Dis J,
1993;12:845-52 PERSPECTIVES ON HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTIONS.
Edited by Philip A. Pizzo, M.D., and Catherine M. Wilfert, M.D.
Although universal precautions do not apply to human breast milk or
saliva, some precautions against exposure to these fluids may be
necessary. Because breast feeding has been implicated in the transmission
of HIV infection from mother to infant, the use of gloves should be
considered in situations, such as milk banks, where exposure to human
breast milk is extensive. Gloves should also be worn for contact with oral
mucosa, for endotracheal suctioning and for other oropharyngeal procedures
that involve exposure to blood-contaminated saliva. Gloves do not need to
be worn when feeding a child with bottled formula or breast milk or
cleaning oral secretions that do not contain visible blood. However,
gloves should be worn when changing diapers that contain bloody stools and
when handling other body fluids with visible blood. Gloves may also be
necessary to prevent transmission of enteric and other pathogens, and of
course hands should always be washed immediately after handling any body
fluid, whether or not gloves are worn.

http://www.phppo.cdc.gov/cdcrecommends/showarticle.asp?
a_artid=P0000891&TopNum=50&CallPg=Adv#head003002000000000


Prevention of Transmission of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B
Virus, and Other Blood-borne Pathogens in Health-Care Settings
MMWR 37(24);377-388
Publication date: 06/24/1988
Precautions for Other Body Fluids in Special Settings
Human breast milk has been implicated in perinatal transmission of HIV,
and HBsAg has been found in the milk of mothers infected with HBV (10,13).
Occupational exposure to human breast milk has not been implicated in the
transmission of HIV nor HBV infection to health-care workers.
The health-care worker will not have the same type of intensive exposure
to breast milk as the nursing neonate. U
universal precautions do not apply to human breast milk, gloves may be
worn by health-care workers in situations where exposures to breast milk
might be frequent, for example, in breast milk banking.
http://www.west.net/~ccolt/hospital01/safety/infectioncontrol/prevention%
20cdc.htm

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