Risk in Mother-Infant Separation Postbirth. Gene Cranston Anderson.  Image:
Journal of Nursing scholarship21(4), Winter 1989, pp.196-199.

Dr Anderson has lots to say about crying - none of it good :-)

"The belief that newborn infants need to cry is  not true." G.C. Anderson

The effects of infant crying and startling in first 4-5 days of life.
* increase in blood pressure
        *intracranial pressure rises when BP rises.
*poorly oxygenated blood flows back into systemic  circulation rather than
into the lungs.
*large fluctuations in blood flow occur.
        *increasing cerebral volume
        *decreasing cerebral oxygenation
        * a fluctuating pattern of blood flow is associated with intracranial
hemorrhage


Effects of infant separation
* >10 times more crying and startling than infants who stayed with their
mothers
*separation delays stabilization of:
        * temperature
        * pulse
        * respiration
*Less sucking pressure when feeding
*mothers use more pain and sleep medications than non separation mothers
* Less maternal stimulation at night (when prolactin levels are 10 X
greater) leads to delayed lactation.

She also has a theoretical paradigm

Stressor -> Crying (modified valsalva manuever) -> 1, 2 & 3

1. Increased cortisol -> increased BP -> intracranial hemorrhage

2. decreased sucking pressures -> poor feeding

3. Prolonged exhalation -> obstructed venous return -> quick inspiratory
gasp -> foramen ovale shunting -this leads to 1a & 2a

1a. Delayed foramen  ovale closure -> persistent foramen ovale

2a. Increased  fluctuations -> increased BP & cerebral blood flow &
cerebral blood flow velocity & intracranial pressure - all of  which lead
to  intracranial hemorrhage.

Increased fluctuations -> hypoxemia -> increased capillary fragility ->
intracranial hemorrhage and/or delayed ductus arteriosus closure


Rationale for Grant # R01NR02444, funded 2-1-91 by Nat Ctr for Nursing
Research, NIH.

This has come out of her research for Kangaroo Care.

Sincerely, Pat in SNJ



















----------
> From: Alicia Dermer <[log in to unmask]>
> To: [log in to unmask]
> Subject: adverse effect of infant crying
> Date: March 28, 2001 08:46 AM
>
> Hi, all:  I have been asked for references on the possible adverse
> effects of crying on infants' systems (cardiorespiratory, neurological,
> etc).  Although I clearly recall this being discussed on Lactnet, I
> could find nothing in the Archives.  If anyone has any knowledge of this
> issue, please contact me (privately please, as I am just lurking
> currently).  TIA, Alicia Dermer, MD, IBCLC.
>
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