Jack:  If the nipple is blanched as baby releases it, it is an
attachment/suckling issue.

Judy:  As far as bfing being instinctive or learned:  Dr. Linda Black noted
in her physiology of the neonate session at a recent conference that baby's
first developmental milestone is latching onto the breast!  So yes, the
suck/root is the instinct part, as Anne notes, but what he does it
(latching) is the learning part.  I tell moms that baby did not have a
breast to practice on in utero - that really makes sense to them as they did
not have a baby to practice with while pregnant either!
Debbie Shinskie RN CES IBCLC in Millersburg, PA, USA
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http://www.epix.net/~shinskie/
"The cure for anything is salt water - sweat, tears, or the sea."
                                                -Isak Dinesen