J Pediatrics 2007;151:450-6
Differences in Mortality between Late-Preterm and Term Singleton Infants in
the United States, 1995–2002
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#article-footnote-1)
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607006051/fulltext)
_Kay M. Tomashek_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#) , MD, MPH_⁎_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#aff1) (http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#cor1)
(mailto:[log in to unmask]) , _Carrie K. Shapiro-Mendoza_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#) , PhD, MPH_⁎_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#aff1) , _Michael J. Davidoff_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#) , MPH_†_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#aff2) , _Joann R. Petrini_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#) , PhD, MPH_†_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#aff2) _‡_
(http://www.jpeds.com/article/PIIS0022347607004519/abstract#aff3)
Received 26 December 2006; received in revised form 10 April 2007 and 1 May
2007. published online 28 July 2007.
Objective
To assess differences in mortality between late-preterm (34-36 weeks) and
term (37-41 weeks) infants.
Study design
We used US period-linked birth/infant death files for 1995 to 2002 to
compare overall and cause-specific early-neonatal, late-neonatal, postneonatal, and
infant mortality rates between singleton late-preterm infants and term
infants.
Results
Significant declines in mortality rates were observed for late-preterm and
term infants at all age-at-death categories, except the late-neonatal period.
Despite the decline in rates since 1995, infant mortality rates in 2002 were
3 times higher in late-preterm infants than term infants (7.9 versus 2.4
deaths per 1000 live births); early, late, and postneonatal rates were 6, 3, and
2 times higher, respectively. During infancy, late-preterm infants were
approximately 4 times more likely than term infants to die of congenital
malformations (leading cause), newborn bacterial sepsis, and complications of
placenta, cord, and membranes. Early-neonatal cause-specific mortality rates were
most disparate, especially deaths caused by atelectasis, maternal complications
of pregnancy, and congenital malformations.
Conclusions
Late-preterm infants have higher mortality rates than term infants
throughout infancy. Our findings may be used to guide obstetrical and pediatric
decision-making.
Nancy E. Wight MD, IBCLC, FABM, FAAP
Neonatologist
Medical Director, Lactation Services
Sharp Mary Birch Hospital for Women
San Diego, CA USA
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