Germaine Lambergs recently requested research studies on the relationship between the use of pacifiers and shorter duration of breastfeeding. Germaine, I suggest that a crisp and bright copy of the Ten Steps, complete with WHO and UNICEF logos, accompany a print-out of these studies when you present these supporting materials to your colleagues and supervisory staff.  You might also wish to point out that these studies are from around the world, i.e., it's not just a local baby issue, but a great concern held by maternal-child health advocates around the world.     

From 1989 to 2013, 16 studies correlated the use of pacifiers with early termination of the entire breastfeeding course:

Benis MM.  Are pacifiers associated with early weaning from breastfeeding?  Advances in Neonatal Care 2002;2(5):259-266.    

Binns C, Scott JA.  Using pacifiers.  What are breastfeeding mothers doing?  Breastfeeding Review 2002;10:21-25.  

Ego A, Dubos JP, Djavadzadeh-Amini M, Depinoy MP, Louyot J, Codaccioni X.  Premature weaning of breastfeeding.  Archives de pédiatrie 2003;10(1):11-18.  

Gale Mobbs EJ.  Human imprinting and breastfeeding - - are the textbooks deficient?  Breastfeeding Review 1989;1(14):39-41.   

Giovannini M, Riva E, Banderali G, Scaglioni S, Veehof SHE, Sala M, Radelli G, Agostoni C.  Feeding practices of infants through the first year of life in Italy.  Acta Paediatrica 2004;93(4):492-497.  

Görbe Ë, Kõhalmi B, Gaál G, Szánthó A, Rigó J, Harmath Á, Csabay L, Szabó G.  The relationship between pacifier use, bottle feeding and breast feeding.  Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine 2002 Aug;12(2):127-131.     

Nickel NC, Labbok MH, Hudgens MG, Daniels JL.  The extent that noncompliance with the Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding influences breastfeeding duration.  Journal of Human Lactation 2013 Feb;29(1):59-70.  

Kloeblen-Tanver AS.  Pacifier use is associated with shorter breastfeeding duration among low-income women.    Pediatrics 2001;108(2):526.    

Kramer MS, Barr RG, Dagenais S, Yang H, Jones P, Ciofani L, Jané F.  Pacifier use, early weaning, and cry/fuss behavior: a randomized controlled trial.  Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) 2001;286(3):322-326. 	

Labarére J, Dalla-Lana C, Schelstraete C, Rivier A, Callec M, Polverelli JF, Francois P.  Initiation and duration of breastfeeding in obstetrical hospitals of Aix-Chambery (France).  Archives De Pédiatrie 2001 Aug;8(8):807-815.  

Levy SM, Slager SL, Warren JJ, Levy BT, Nowak AJD.  Associations of pacifier use, digit sucking, and child care attendance with cessation of breastfeeding.  Journal of Family Practice 2002;51:465-471.

Pansy J, Zotter H, Sauseng H, Schneuber S, Lang U, Kerbl R.  Pacifier use:  What makes mothers change their mind?  Acta Paediatrica 2008;97:968-971.  

Pincombe J, Baghurst P, Antoniou G, Peat B, Henderson A, Reddin E.  Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative practices and breast feeding duration in a cohort of first-time mothers in Adelaide, Australia.  Midwifery 2008;24:55-61.  

Righard L, Alade MO.  Breastfeeding and the use of pacifiers.  Birth 1997;24(2):116-120.   

Silveira FJ, Lamounier JA.  Factors associated with breastfeeding duration in three cities in the region of Alto Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais, Brazil.  Caderno De Saúde Pública 2006;22(1):69-77.  

Vogel AM, Hutchinson BL, Mitchell EA.  Factors associated with the duration of breastfeeding.  Acta Paediatrica 1999;88:1320-1326.  

Debra Swank, RN BSN IBCLC
Ocala FL USA

             ***********************************************

Archives: http://community.lsoft.com/archives/LACTNET.html
To reach list owners: [log in to unmask]
Mail all list management commands to: [log in to unmask]
COMMANDS:
1. To temporarily stop your subscription write in the body of an email: set lactnet nomail
2. To start it again: set lactnet mail
3. To unsubscribe: unsubscribe lactnet
4. To get a comprehensive list of rules and directions: get lactnet welcome