Detecting Candida albicans in Human Milk
Jimi Francis Morrill,1 Demosthenes Pappagianis,2 M. Jane Heinig,1 Bo
Lönnerdal,1 and Kathryn G. Dewey1*

Department of Nutrition,1 Department of Medical Microbiology and
ImmunologyUniversity of California, Davis, Davis, California2
*Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Nutrition, University
of California, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616-8669. Phone: (530)
752-0851. Fax: (530) 752-3406. E-mail: [log in to unmask]
Received June 3, 2002; Revised July 9, 2002; Accepted October 8, 2002.

     
Abstract
Procedures for diagnosis of mammary candidosis, including laboratory
confirmation, are not well defined. Lactoferrin present in human milk can
inhibit growth of Candida albicans, thereby limiting the ability to detect
yeast infections. The inhibitory effect of various lactoferrin
concentrations on the growth of C. albicans in whole human milk was studied.
The addition of iron to the milk led to a two- to threefold increase in cell
counts when milk contained 3.0 mg of lactoferrin/ml and markedly reduced the
likelihood of false-negative culture results. This method may provide the
necessary objective support needed for diagnosis of mammary candidosis.

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