Although Bowlby`s "Childhood and the Growth of Love" was the first "popular" book available on the general bookshelves, Harlow and Spitz did their studies much earlier than that.  I am rushing to pack to get away so am not quoting sources at this stage, but if anyone wants them, wait a few days and mail me - I shall have internet while I am away.

Harlow`s studies of monkeys showed that those who were given cloth surrogate mothers to hug were better adjusted than those who had a wire dummy figure.

Spitz studied sensory deprivation in orphanages where infants were kept in cots with sheets covering the sides to reduce noise (it makes one shiver to think of it!)
He compared their emotional development with babies who were cared for by their mothers albeit in institutions for "unwed mothers" where the conditions were far from homelike. 

Wendy Blumfield
NCT ANT Tutor/BFC
Israel Childbirth Education Centre

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