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Subject:
From:
Virginia Wall <[log in to unmask]>
Reply To:
Lactation Information and Discussion <[log in to unmask]>
Date:
Tue, 8 Jul 1997 12:01:31 -0700
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TEXT/PLAIN
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When you look at the abstract of the article Ruth Lawrence cites, it says
the infants developed pnuemonitis (not meningitis) which resolved, and
that the risk is mainly for infants receiving unpasteurized donor milk.
Another abstract follows this one.  I found dozens more in my lit search,
but nothing specifically documenting cases of illness in infants.
*****************************************************************

Pediatrics 72 (3): 295-299 (Sep 1983)
Cytomegalovirus infection of breast milk and transmission in infancy.
Dworsky M, Yow M, Stagno S, Pass RF, Alford C
Abstract:
Of unselected postpartum women, 39% reactivated cytomegalovirus in breast
milk, vaginal secretions, urine, and/or saliva. Consumption of infected
breast milk led to infection of 69% of the infants. Although there was
some milk secretory immune response to this virus, it prevented neither
viral shedding nor viral transmission. All infected infants chronically
shed cytomegalovirus. However, no infants have yet demonstrated chronic
sequelae. Two preterm infants did develop a significantly acute problem,
pneumonitis, which did resolve. The possibility that an unnecessary and
perhaps more severe illness might occur in low-birth-weight seronegative
infants fed banked human milk from sources other than the mother is
disturbing and needs resolution.

J Paediatr Child Health 30 (6): 470-475 (Dec 1994)
Antimicrobial factors and microbial contaminants in human milk: recent
studies.
May JT
Department of Microbiology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria,
Australia.
Abstract:
An overview of recent studies of antimicrobial factors and microbial
contaminants found in human milk is presented. The incidence of
gastrointestinal and respiratory infections in infants receiving human
milk continues to be lower than in those not breast-fed due to the
presence of specific antibody and possibly anti-adhesion factors in the
milk. Whether the many other antimicrobial factors, which have been shown
to be active in vitro or in animal model systems, have any influence on
infant infections is still not clear. Microbial contaminants in human milk
are rare, as are associated infant infections from the milk. However, some
contaminants such as cytomegalovirus are commonly transferred to infants
from the milk of seropositive mothers, fortunately without any adverse
effects in the infants. Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 is transferred
via human milk in endemic areas, human milk being the main source of
mother-to-infant transmission. While some reports suggest human
immunodeficiency virus type 1 transfer may occur through human milk, this
is not the predominant mode of transmission to infants.
*******************************************************

Ginna Wall, MN, IBCLC, Lactation Services Coordinator
University of Washington Medical Center, Mailbox 356153
1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle WA 98195
Voicemail: (206)548-6368, Fax: (206)548-7665

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