I counsel mothers re: when to pump along the same lines as Catherine and Rachel's suggestions. Peter Hartmann's research on milk synthesis, milk removal, storage capacities, pumping etc, etc were very beneficial to me when I looking for evidence based info on this topic. You may have already read the published studies but if not a quick google search bring up a lot of his work. A few helpful links are: <http://ep.physoc.org/content/81/5/861.long> http://ep.physoc.org/content/81/5/861.long This is a list of sponsored research but the list is a good reference of sorts. <http://www.medela.com/ISBD/breastfeeding/knowhow/UWA-Medela-Publications.pd f> http://www.medela.com/ISBD/breastfeeding/knowhow/UWA-Medela-Publications.pdf This is his bio and if you scroll down, a list of his published work is below: <http://www.uwa.edu.au/people/Peter.Hartmann> http://www.uwa.edu.au/people/Peter.Hartmann Melissa Cole, IBCLC _____ *********************************************** Archives: http://community.lsoft.com/archives/LACTNET.html To reach list owners: [log in to unmask] Mail all list management commands to: [log in to unmask] COMMANDS: 1. To temporarily stop your subscription write in the body of an email: set lactnet nomail 2. To start it again: set lactnet mail 3. To unsubscribe: unsubscribe lactnet 4. To get a comprehensive list of rules and directions: get lactnet welcome