Calcium and Bone Metabolism During Pregnancy and Lactation
*Author: *Kovacs,
Christopher1<http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/jomg/2005/00000010/00000002/00005394#aff_1>
*Source:* Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and
Neoplasia<http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/klu/jomg>,
Volume 10, Number 2, April 2005, pp. 105-118(14)
*Abstract:*
Pregnancy and lactation both place significant demands on the mother to
provide sufficient calcium (among other minerals and nutrients) to the fetus
and neonate. Despite facing similar demands for calcium during pregnancy and
lactation, the maternal adaptations differ significantly between these two
reproductive periods. Women lose 300 to 400 mg of calcium daily through
breast milk, and this calcium demand is met by a 5–10% loss of skeletal
mineral content during 6 months of exclusive lactation. Most importantly,
the lost mineral is fully restored within a few months of weaning, such that
women who have breastfed do not have a long-term deficit in skeletal mineral
content. This article will review our present understanding of the
adaptations in mineral metabolism that occur during pregnancy and lactation,
and will focus on recent evidence that the breast itself plays a central
role in regulating the adaptations during lactation.
*Keywords:* pregnancy<http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search?database=1&title=pregnancy>;
lactation <http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search?database=1&title=lactation>;
calcium metabolism<http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search?database=1&title=calcium
metabolism>;
bone metabolism <http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search?database=1&title=bone
metabolism>; osteoporosis<http://www.ingentaconnect.com/search?database=1&title=osteoporosis>
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