Dear Friends:
    Seema asks for research about the deleterious  effects of infant 
screaming.
    Gene Cranston Anderson has talked about this at  conferences. Prolonged 
hard crying prevents the foramen  ovale from closing entirely; there are 
estimates that 20% of the adult  population has a partly open foramen ovale, which 
she says could be a reason for  unexplained death in otherwise healthy adults.
    Her theoretical paradigm is that crying leads  to delayed foramen ovale 
shunting which leads to hypoxemia. Hypoxemia  increases capillary fragility. 
When the baby is not oxygenating consistently,  there are fluctuations in blood 
pressure, intravenous pressure, and cerebral  blood flow.  This increases 
susceptibility to intraventricular hemorrhage,  even in full term infants.
    Another result of persistent hard crying is  increased cortisol levels. 
Dr. Anderson has a huge bibliography about the impact  of elevated cortisol in 
separated infants postbirth, and of the benefits of skin  to skin (s2s) care. 
This is her life work, and I encourage everyone to go see  her at any 
opportunity.
    A google search will reveal her many  citations.
    warmly,
 
Nikki Lee RN, MS, Mother of 2, IBCLC, CCE
Maternal-Child Adjunct  Faculty Union Institute and University
Film Reviews Editor, Journal of Human  Lactation
www.breastfeedingalwaysbest.com

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