I add water to the cappings (and honey if necessary) to give myself about 5 gallons of liquid at a specific gravity of 1.100 or 13% when it works down. I usually add a yeast starter and set it going cappings and all. The cappings come out after a couple of days. When I start fermentation on the cappings it usually works down well possibly because of all the junk - pollen etc, but when it is started as just honey, water and yeast it often plays difficult and sticks ie does not ferment down fully and clear. Keith. >>> Keith JM Hooker <<< >>> Technology Management Ltd <<< >>> WHITSTABLE Kent CT5 4ED UK <<<