I need to question two statements posted to this thread: > The evidence for uncapping and recapping, while the internal contents of a cell are untouched, does not point to the process significantly affecting mite reproduction. Jose, has this actually been specifically investigated? > Bees only have one immune system, the innate immunity they are born with. As I understand it, bees use an adaptive response (RNAi) to fight viruses. There also appears to be evidence for adaptive immune priming via vitellogenin. -- Randy Oliver Grass Valley, CA www.ScientificBeekeeping.com *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html