http://www.orsba.org/download/SHB.pdf Intersting. Had some rain here this morning ands an hour to kill. Looked up some research in SHB.... this one is a must read. Funny thing the conclusions and work here and by Ellis match exactly what I am seeing and said. At certain thresholds they do take over. They do lay in capped cells, and they defiantly do better in wet soils. The only thing I have not seen mentioned again is the AHB attacking SHB larva, which I am not seeing in AM. But that could be that certain hives do and some don't if they were being removed and carried away I would not see that in observation. What I do note is that on bottom boards ( I use mostly top entrances) the bees will constantly attack adult beetles, but I have yet to see a Larva attacked. Even when both are present in mass. Does anyone know if Termador would work on SHB Larva?? Charles *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html