>        No: 2, 3,       Superscedure is usually caused by something the bees
>detect,
>Ovaries damaged by Nosema, poor mating, Underfed by weak cell builders
producing weak Queens.
>
What you say is probably true but Supercedure is also an inheritable trait.
Here in the UK the British Isles Bee Breeders Association (BIBBA), who
have a web site now (Address???) make a feature of breeding queens that
supercede. They are very useful in reducing colony swarming  , which is a
problem in the UK.
Colonies give good yields, for our very variable stop-go climate!
 
Yours
 
[log in to unmask]  - Northern Regional Bee Inspector, UK -  Bee Curious
phone/fax 01704 822831
snailmail 'Asland' Flash Lane, Rufford, Ormskirk, Lancs, L40 1SW  - UK.