I figured it was just a matter of time until we heard from you on this.<G> I remember reading 'The Bee Language Controversy' many years ago. In fact I think I have a copy. I've always found the debate fascinating, although I don't feel well enough informed to take a side. I suppose, though that it is pretty important to use commercial guys to understand how bees find crops. It is certainly beneficial to challenge the dance theory and you do a very good job. Many people have a lot invested in believing the dance hypothesis. Being a sceptic, myself, I find it an interesting theory that adds to the mystery of bees. here's my question: I wonder - just out of curiosity - what, in your thinking, is the explanation of the dancing that is readily observed, and what (if anything) is its function? And another: What are the implications in practice? I can see that if there is no dance language, that we should likey pay a lot more attention to making sure the bees can easily find the crop. Am I right?