Brion wrote: "However, it was not until 1998 that Goodwin and Haine conducted research and proved that hot wax dipping, when used correctly, would render all AFB spores non-viable." Here in Dorset, England, the late George Vickery, a commercial beekeeper and respected BBKA Honey Judge, deliberately and illegally used comb from a colony with AFB to melt down and make foundation for use in a closely observed colony. The colony didn't go down with AFB. Chris *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html