>But given the half-lives of these substances in soil, how long would the moratorium have to be before we really have some valid data. Would depend upon the binding affinity of the insecticides and their degradation products. Since bees don't eat soil, any residues in the soil would need to be translocated by the plants into either nectar or pollen. Residue levels in those products are easily measured. -- Randy Oliver Grass Valley, CA www.ScientificBeekeeping.com *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html