from: Diagnosing and Treating Nosema Disease Eric C. Mussen, Extension Apiculturist, UC Davis – 3/11/11 Nosema ceranae originated in tropical Asia, and its spores are susceptible to weather, especially cold weather. The spores can be killed by refrigeration or by freezing. If possibly spore-contaminated combs are placed in a freezer and left there until it is certain that all materials in the combs have reached freezing temperatures (honey holds a lot of heat for quite a while), N. ceranae spores, all life stages of greater wax moth, all stages of small hive beetle, and other little critters that tend to get into stored combs will be eliminated. I am happy to discuss Nosema, its consequences in colonies, and treatments. I can be reached by telephone at: (530) 752-0472 or by email at: [log in to unmask] Copies of this "Bee Brief" can be downloaded at: http://entomology.ucdavis.edu/facutly/mussen/beebriefs/index.cfm. *********************************************** The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at: http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm