I had no idea the protocols for Australian bee imports were so sophisticated and thorough. I'm impressed. Hopefully that guy who tried to smuggle queens in was nobody important and is no longer in the industry. In my early beekeeping career I worked for a number of commercial operators and learned something from each of them. But I learned the most working for Norman Rice in Australia. The great thing about working for someone else is they have to pay for all your mistakes. And I cost Norman plenty on a number of occasions. But I think my most egregious error was the day I mistakenly thought that watermelon in the fridge was mine. Turned out it wasn't. It was a hot day and I couldn't help myself, but the day got a lot hotter when Norman found his watermelon gone. While in Australia I also met Trevor Weatherhead but had no inkling that I'd meet him again years later in Edmonton Alberta. On the latter occasion Trevor was representing Australia on the import issue. If you have never met Trevor I can tell you he is most personable and likable. Trevor had come to the Edmonton meeting to ask that Canada change the definition of Australia to exclude a couple of it's northern islands, what with them being overrun with mites or hive beetles or some such thing. I was in favour of Australian imports then (in fact Trevor smoothly convinced me to draft his resolution on the subject - saying he was unfamiliar with the unique accent up here) and still think the Canadian industry needs Australian bees. The big risk factor in moving bees around the world is these beekeepers who think the rules don't apply to them. And we all know such individuals are not exclusive to any one country. While extolling the virtues of down under I wanted to mention that I recently talked to a New Zealand beekeeper by phone. I am not sure I heard correctly, what with the funny accent they have down there, but I believe he said a number of beekeepers in NZ have teamed up to fund a resistance breeding program. Perhaps someone can correct me but the figure I heard was $10,000, that is each beekeeper is donating $10,000/yr to have some university breed a bee resistant to varroa. That contrasts sharply with the lands of the free, brave and meek here in North America where we spend all our time sniveling about the government letting our industry go to hell in a hand basket. ( you got a problem - work together and fix it! How did they learn to think like that?) Ted **************************************************** * General Information About BEE-L is available at: * * http://www.honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/default.htm * ****************************************************