There were a couple of cases in the USSR 13 years ago or so. I did not read the study, just heard about it on Lifetime Medical Television, but the story was that some infants were infected with HIV from an improperly cleaned syringe during their postpartum hospital stay, and one or two of their mothers became HIV positive 6 mos later. They felt that bleeding nipples increased maternal risk. -- Catherine Watson Genna, IBCLC New York City mailto:[log in to unmask] *********************************************** To temporarily stop your subscription: set lactnet nomail To start it again: set lactnet mail (or digest) To unsubscribe: unsubscribe lactnet All commands go to [log in to unmask] The LACTNET mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned LISTSERV(R) list management software together with L-Soft's LSMTP(TM) mailer for lightning fast mail delivery. For more information, go to: http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html