> Also, FWIW, sometimes fumagillin controls N ceranae well, other times not.
> In two trials now in which I have drenched colonies weekly for four
> straight weeks, nosema infection continued.

I have seen the same thing. Myself and others had big problems with NC a few
years back and the situation only seemed to improve when bees were shook
swarmed on new foundation, deadout comb was treated with a mist Clorox
solution and in about half the cases depopulation was the best solution *in
my opinion*.

Once a hive reaches a certain point recovery using Fumagillan can be a long
process.


>
> We still have a great deal to learn about this parasite!

 I agree! A very complex issue. One problem I see is the commercial
beekeeper thinks he will not see a N.C. problem if he has treated with
fumagillan prophylactic in syrup. Not so. I have seen nosema problems
and bees with high spore counts in hives which have been treated.

The drench is a last ditch effort to get control. *in my opinion* does not
produce excellent results.
I have ventured the opinion a few years ago and my opinion remains the same.

Depopulation and treating the equipment for "dink" hives which *will not*
take syrup is the best move for those keeping bees for a living. Drenching
four times ( or as label says as many times as needed) costs money for all
but those doing research like Randy .

More important if varroa control is not at a high level those hives develop
CCD like symptoms.
*If* the beekeeper wants to drench and attempt to turn those hives around
varroa control needs to be a top priority .

Sincerely,
Bob Harrison
Missouri

Always dreaming of the place where corn dont grow! (and the weeds grow tall)

"Where corn don't grow"  Walon Jennings youtube

             ***********************************************
The BEE-L mailing list is powered by L-Soft's renowned
LISTSERV(R) list management software.  For more information, go to:
http://www.lsoft.com/LISTSERV-powered.html

Guidelines for posting to BEE-L can be found at:
http://honeybeeworld.com/bee-l/guidelines.htm