>The commercial bees were being overwhelmed with varroa. You could see 
them scamper across the top bars when the commercial hives were opened.

You could see the varroa scamper across the top bars? Or do you mean small 
hive beetle Dennis?




 >About a third of the hives had PMS. According to the commercial guy, some 
of those hives had resistant foulbrood. And he had found apis cerana in the 
same yard.

I think you mean Nosema ceranae Dennis not apis cerana.  Apis cerana is a 
bee from Asia.
There are two types of nosema.
Nosema apis and nosema ceranae

bob h.

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